Papers
M-USE and its predecessor USE have been described and used in various methods and experimental papers listed below
Methods Papers
Watson M, Traczewski N, Dunghana S, Banaie Boroujeni K, Neumann A, Wen X, Womelsdorf T (2023) A multi-task platform for profiling cognitive and motivational constructs in humans and nonhuman primates. 1-48; bioRxiv
Wen X, Malchin LA, Womelsdorf T (2025) A Toolbox for Generating Multidimensional 3-D Objects with Fine-Controlled Feature Space: Quaddle 2.0. Behavioral Research Methods, 57, 219. doi: 10.3758/s13428-025-02736-w
Watson, M., Voloh, B., Thomas, C., Hasan, A. & Womelsdorf, T. (2019) USE: An integrative suite for temporally-precise psychophysical experiments in virtual environments in human, nonhuman and artificially intelligent agents. Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 326:108374. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108374.
Womelsdorf T, Thomas C, Neumann A, Watson MR, Banaie Boroujeni K, Hassani SA, Parker J, Hoffman KL. (2021) A Kiosk Station for the Assessment of Multiple Cognitive Domains and Cognitive Enrichment of Monkeys. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. 15. 1-13 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.721069.
Watson, M., Voloh, B., Naghizadeh, M., & Womelsdorf, T. (2019) Quaddles: A multidimensional 3D object set with parametrically-controlled and customizable features. Behavior Research Methods 51:2522–2532. https://doi.org/10.1101/194381.
Experimental Papers
Wen X, Neumann A, Dhungana S, & Womelsdorf T (2025) Non-human primates can flexibly learn serial sequences and reorder context-dependent object sequences. PLoS Biology; 23(6): e3003255. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003255
Treuting RL, Banaie Boroujeni K, Gerrity CG, Neumann A, Tiesinga P & Womelsdorf T (2025) Adaptive Reinforcement Learning is causally supported by Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Striatum. Neuron; 113, 1–16. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2025.05.018
Hassani, S. A., Neumann, A., Russell, J., Jones, C. K., & Womelsdorf, T. (2023). M1-selective muscarinic allosteric modulation enhances cognitive flexibility and effective salience in nonhuman primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(18), e2216792120
Banaie Boroujeni K, Sigona MK, Treuting RL, Manuel, TJ, Caskey CF, Womelsdorf T (2022) The anterior cingulate cortex causally supports flexible learning under motivationally challenging and cognitively demanding conditions. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.04.455080. PLoS Biology.
Banaie Boroujeni K, Watson MR, Womelsdorf T (2022) Gains and Losses Differentially Regulate Learning at Low and High Attentional Load. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 34 (10): 1952–1971.
Womelsdorf T, Watson MR, Tiesinga P (2022) Learning at variable attentional load requires cooperation between working memory, meta-learning and attention-augmented reinforcement learning. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 34(1) 79-107.
Hassani SA, Lendor S, Neumann A, Sinha Roy K, Banaie Boroujeni K, Hoffman K, Pawliszyn J, Womelsdorf T (2021) Dose-dependent dissociation of pro-cognitive effects of donepezil on attention and cognitive flexibility in rhesus monkeys. Biological Psychiatry GOS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.11.012.